Door.



' Patented Sept. I0, IQDI.

F. J. CRDNIN.

DUUR.

(Application4 led Sept. 26, 1900.)

(No Model.)

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UNITED STATE-s l PATENT OFFICE..

FREDERICK J. ORONIN, OF UTIOA, NEV YORK.

Doon.

srnerrlenrlolv forming part of Letters Patent No. 682,322, dated september 1o, i201.

Application led September 26, 1900. Serial No. 31,168. '(No model.)

a door of the character in which the members are connected by dovetail joints of cheap and simple construction and which securely hold the members of the door-frame together independent of the veneering which is applied to the saine.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a face view of a door constructed according to my invention. Fig. 2 is a face View of the same before the veneer is applied thereto.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section in line 3 3, Fig. 2. Figs. 4 and 5 are transverse sections, on an enlarged scale, in lines 44 and 5 5, Fig. 2, respectively. Figs. 6 and 7 are detached perspeetive views of the two parts ot one form of coupling whereby the members of the door may be connected according to my invention. Figs. S and 9 are detached perspective views ot' the two parts of another form of coupling whereby the members of the door may be connected according to my invention.

Like letters of referencerefer to like parts in the several figures.

A represents the stiles of the door; B B', the top and bottom rails; C, the intermediate or lock rail, and D D' the upper and lower muntins. Each of these door-frame members is built up of a num ber of Wooden strips e c of uniform thickness arranged side by side and secured together by glue. The outermost strips of the stiles may be of the same kind of wood as the veneer with which the door members are covered and the remaining strips may be of inferior or soft wood.`

F represents the veneer, which is secured to the strips of the door members by glue.

G represents the panels, which are secured in the panel-openings in lany suitable man- As shown in Figs. 2 and 4 of the draw- `ends by intervening spaces l2f.

divided between its ends and also stops shortof the ends of the stile, so as to forma straightsided mortise 7?, near the middle of the stile and straightsided mortises 7?. at opposite ends of the stile. The ends ot the lock-rail form straight-sided tenons h2, which tit into the mortises between the divided panel-strips of the stiles and abut against the inner side of the adjacentintermediate stile-strips. The ends of the top and bottom rails form straight- `sided tenons h3, which t into the straightsided mortises at the outer ends of the panelstrips e and abut against the inner sides of the adjacent intermediate stilestrips. The intermediate strip of each stile, which is an ranged at `the bottom of the mortises h h therein, is divided into a number of seccovered by tions e2, which are separated slightly at their Each of the sections c2 of the divided intermediate strip which lies at the bottom of a straight-sided mortise in the stile is provided with a transverse dovetail mortise j. Each ot the top and bottom rails and the lock-rail has one or more of its intermediate strips divided into sections 7o, which are separated at their opposing ends by intervening spaces a. The outermost section k of each of the divided intermediate rail-strips is provided at its outer end with a dovetail tenon 7a2, which engages with the dovetail mortisej, formed in the intermediate-strip section e2 of the adjacent stile. Each of the stile strip sections e2 and its cooperating rail-strip section 7e form the two locking members of a coupling whereby two adjacent door members are connected. As shown in Fig. 2, each stile is connected with each of the rails by twopairs oi' coupling members, but, if desired, only one pair of coupling members may be employed to connect each stile with each rail.

IOO

The preferred form of my improved joint for connecting the muntins with the top and bottom rails and with the lock-rail is shown in Figs. 2, 3, 5, S, and 9, and is constructed as follows: The panel-strip e of each rail is divided at its middle into two sections, so as to form a straight-sided mortise Z between the sections of each of the panel-strips. The panel-strips e of the muntins engage with the panel-strips of the rails on opposite sides of the straight-sided mortises l in the same. As shown in Fig. 2, the divided strips of the rails which are arranged next to the panel-strips yhave theircentral sections m arranged at the termediate mun ti n-strips, which are arranged at the ends of the muntins, form straightsided tenons n2 on the ends of the muntins, which engage with the straight-sided mortises l, formed between the panel-strips of the rails. Each of the end or tenon sections n of the intermediate muntin-strips is provided at its outer end with a dovetail tenon o, which engages with the dovetail mortise m in the intermediate-strip section m, which is at the bottom of the straight-sided mortise Z in the respective rail. The rail-strip sections mand the muntin-strip sections n', which are connected by the dovetail joint, form the members of the couplings, whereby the rails and the muntins are connected. As shown in Fig. 2, the coup ling members n at each end of each muntin are arranged side by side, and the dovetail tenons 0 of these two coupling members n engage with the dovetail groove of the same coupling member m on the adjacent rail; but, if desired,the coupling members n at the same end ot' a muntin may be separated by an intervening strip, and each member n may engage its dovetail tenon with the dovetail groove in a separate coupling member on the adjacent rail.

The strips forming they several door members are assembled upon the veneer for one side of the door members, and then the veneer ofthe other side is applied thereto. Previous to assembling the parts of the door the panels areI fitted into the grooves of the panel-strips and glue is applied to the strips and veneer for securing them together. After the parts have been thus assembled pressure is applied against the outer sides of the stiles, against the top and bottom rails, and against the veneer on opposite sides of the door members. As the stiles are pressed toward each other the several strips of each stile are irmly united and the middle and end portions of the stiles are iirmly united with the ends of the top, bottom, and lock rails. At the same time that the stiles are pressed against opposite ends of the rails the dovetail coupling members 7c are shifted lengthwise between the adjacent strips until the same have adjusted themselves to a neutral position, this being permitted by the slack space between the sections of the divided rail-strips. This pressure of the stiles against opposite ends of the rails causes the panel-strips of the rails to be pressed against opposite sides of the tenons Z of the muntins. As the two tenonsections 'n at each end of each muntin move toward each other under pressure, the dovetail tenons o at the ends thereof slide in the dovetail grooves or mortises m', which are formed lengthwise in the rail-strip' sections fm, thereby permitting each of these dovetail connectionsto adjust itself according to the pressure applied thereto and preventing the dovetail tenons from being sheared oli. As the top and bottom rails are pressed toward each other and against the adjacent ends of the stiles and muntins, the panel-strips of the rails are pressed against the ends of the panelstrips of the stiles and muntins, and the sections ot the divided stile and muntinstrips rmove lengthwise on the adjacent strips until they reach a neutral position, this vmovement of these stripsections being permitted by the slack space between the same. By permitting the sections of the divided stile-strips to slide lengthwise the same are free tov adjust themselves to the pressure applied to the side of the rails, thereby preventing the dovetail tenonsjl from being sheared off. It will thus be seen-that the interlocking dovetail joints between the several members of the door are free .to adjust themselves under the pressure which is applied to the same until all the parts assume a neutral or balanced position, thereby avoiding straining of the dooror producing a tension upon the joints which constantly tends to distort the door.

My improved door can be built up largely out of material which usually goes to waste, and when connected in the manner described produces a cored door, the members of which are securely locked together and do not depend for their strength upon the veneer which is glued to the same.

Although I have shown my invention illustrated as applied to a door-frame, it is obviously applicable to other woodwork of a similar character.

I claim as my inventionl. A frame for doors and similar articles, the members of which are composed of strips arranged side by side, one of said members having a straight-sided mortise on its side and a dovetail mortise at the bottom of the straight-sided mortise, and the other member having a straight-sided tenon which engages with said straightsided mortise and also having a dovetail tenon at the end of the straight-sided mortise which engages with aid dovetail mortise, substantially as set Orth.

Icol

IIO

2. A door having adjacent frame members which are composed of strips arranged side by side, one of said members havingastraightsided mortise formed in its inner or panel strip and a dovetail mortise formed in a strip at the bottom of the straight-sided mortise, and the other member having a straightsided tenon at its end which engages with said straight-sided mortise and having a dovetail tenon on one of its strips which engages with said dovetail mortise, substantially as set forth.

3. A door having adjacent frame members which are composed of strips arranged side by side, one of said members having an inner or panel strip provided with a straightsided mortise and an intermediate strip composed of sections one of which forms the bottom of said straight-sided mortise and has a dovetail mortise, and the other member having a straight-sided tenon at its end which engages with said straight-sided mortise and having one of its intermediate strips composed of sections one of which has a dovetail tenon at its end which engages with said dovetail mortise, substantially as set forth.

4. A frame for doors or similar articles having its frame members composed of strips ar-v ranged side by side, one of said members having an elongated dovetail mortise formed lengthwise therein and the other member having a dovetail tenon engaging With said mortise, whereby the last-mentioned frame member is permitted to move lengthwise on the first-mentioned member Without liability of shearing olf the tenon, substantially as set forth.

5. A door having adjacent frame members composed of strips arranged side by side, one of said members having an inner or panel strip provided with a straight-sided mortise and an intermediate strip which is arranged at the bottom of said straight-sided mortise and which is provided with a longitudinal dovetail mortise, and the other member having a straight-sided tenon which engages with said straight-sided mortise and a dovetail tenon arranged at the end of the straightsided tenon and engaging with said dovetail mortise, substantially as set forth.

6. A door having adjacent frame members composed of strips arranged side by side, one of said members having an inner or panel strip provided with a straight-sided mortise, and an intermediate strip which is arranged at the bottom of said straight-sided mortise and which is provided with a longitudinal dovetail mortise, and the other member having two or more intermediate strips forming a straight-sided tenon which engages with said straight-sided mortise and dovetail tenons arranged at the ends of the strips form-V ing the straight-sided tenon and both of said dovetail tenons engaging with the same lon gitudinal dovetail mortise, substantially as set forth.

Witness my hand this 18th day of September, 1900.

FREDERICK J. oRoNiN.

Witnesses:

A. B. MOCARR, HENRY HIPPLE, HARRY I. MORGAN. 

